<?php
/**
 * @brief		Conversion module
 * @package		IPS Tools
 * @since		4 Sept 2013
 */

namespace IPSUtf8\Text\Module;

/**
 * Native MB Conversion class
 */
class Internal extends \IPSUtf8\Text\Charset
{
	/**
	 * Converts a text string from its current charset to a destination charset using internal conversion class. 
	 * The bulk of this function was written by Mikolaj Jedrzejak and used with permission via the License
	 *
	 * @param	string		Text string
	 * @param	string		Text string char set (original)
	 * @param	string		Desired character set (destination)
	 * @return	@e string
	 */
	public function convert( $string, $from, $to='UTF-8' )
	{
		if ( static::needsConverting( $string, $from, $to ) === false )
		{
			/* Make sure it decodes properly - some characters such as £ can cause issues between windows-1250, windows-1252, and iso-8859-1 because they store them differently. @see http://php.net/manual/en/function.utf8-decode.php */
			if ( $to == 'UTF-8' )
			{
				if ( mb_substr_count( utf8_decode( $string ), '?' ) != mb_substr_count( $string, '?' ) )
				{
					$string = utf8_encode( $string );
				}
			}
			
			return $string;
		}
		
		$text    	= '';
		$original	= $string;
		$from		= strtolower( $from );
		$to		    = strtolower( $to );
		
		if( !static::$charsetPath )
		{
			static::$charsetPath	= THIS_PATH . '/system/i18n/ConvertTables/';
		}
		
		/**
		 * This divison was made to prevent errors during convertion to/from utf-8 with
		 * "entities" enabled, because we need to use proper destination(to)/source(from)
		 * encoding table to write proper entities.
		 * 
		 * This is the first case. We are converting from 1byte chars...
		 */
		if ($from != "utf-8") 
		{ 
			/* Cache the conversion table to prevent rebuilding on every request */
			static $charsetTables = array();

			/**
			 * Now build table with both charsets for encoding change. 
			 */
			if( !isset( $charsetTables[ $from ] ) )
			{
				if ($to != "utf-8") 
				{ 
					$charsetTables[ $from ] = self::_makeConversionTable( $from, $to );
				}
				else
				{
					$charsetTables[ $from ] = self::_makeConversionTable( $from );
				}
			}

			$charsetTable = $charsetTables[ $from ];
			
			if( !\count($charsetTable) )
			{
				static::$errors[]	= "Character set table not found";
				return $original;
			}

			/**
			 * For each char in a string... 
			 */
			for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($string); $i++)
			{
				$hexChar		= "";
				$unicodeHexChar	= "";
				$hexChar		= strtoupper(dechex(\ord($string[$i])));

				// This is fix from Mario Klingemann, it prevents
				// droping chars below 16 because of missing leading 0 [zeros]
				if ( strlen($hexChar)==1 )
				{
					$hexChar = "0" . $hexChar;
				}

				// This is quick fix of 10 chars in gsm0338
				// Thanks goes to Andrea Carpani who pointed on this problem and solve it ;)
				if ( ( $from == "gsm0338" ) && ( $hexChar == '1B' ) )
				{
					$i++;
					$hexChar .= strtoupper(dechex(\ord($string[$i])));
				}

				if ( $to != "utf-8" ) 
				{
					if ( \in_array( $hexChar, $charsetTable[$from] ) )
					{
						$unicodeHexChar		= array_search( $hexChar, $charsetTable[$from] );
						$unicodeHexChars	= explode( "+",$unicodeHexChar );

						for( $unicodeHexCharElement = 0; $unicodeHexCharElement < \count($unicodeHexChars); $unicodeHexCharElement++ )
						{
							if ( array_key_exists( $unicodeHexChars[$unicodeHexCharElement], $charsetTable[$to] ) ) 
							{
								if ( self::$entities == true ) 
								{
									$text .= self::_unicodeEntity( self::_hexToUtf( $unicodeHexChars[$unicodeHexCharElement] ) );
								}
								else
								{
									$text .= \chr(hexdec($charsetTable[$to][$unicodeHexChars[$unicodeHexCharElement]]));
								}
							}
						 	else
							{
								static::$errors[]	= "NO_CHAR_IN_DESTINATION: {$string[$i]}";
								return $original;
							}
						}
					}
					else
					{
						static::$errors[]	= "NO_CHAR_IN_SOURCE: {$string[$i]}";
						return $original;
					}
				}
				else
				{
					if ( \in_array( $hexChar, $charsetTable[$from] ) ) 
					{
						$unicodeHexChar		= array_search( $hexChar, $charsetTable[$from] );
						$unicodeHexChars	= explode( "+", $unicodeHexChar );

						/**
				     	 * Sometimes there are two or more utf-8 chars per one regular char.
						 * Extream, example is polish old Mazovia encoding, where one char contains
						 * two lettes 007a (z) and 0142 (l slash), we need to figure out how to
						 * solve this problem.
						 * The letters are merge with "plus" sign, there can be more than two chars.
						 * In Mazowia we have 007A+0142, but sometimes it can look like this
						 * 0x007A+0x0142+0x2034 (that string means nothing, it just shows the possibility...)
				     	 */
						for( $unicodeHexCharElement = 0; $unicodeHexCharElement < \count($unicodeHexChars); $unicodeHexCharElement++)
						{
							if ( self::$entities == true ) 
							{
								$text .= self::_unicodeEntity( self::_hexToUtf( $unicodeHexChars[$unicodeHexCharElement] ) );
							}
							else
							{
								$text .= self::_hexToUtf( $unicodeHexChars[$unicodeHexCharElement] );
							}
						}							
					}
					else
					{
						static::$errors[]	= "NO_CHAR_IN_SOURCE: {$string[$i]}";
						return $original;
					}
				}					
			}
		}
		
		/**
		 * This is second case. We are encoding from multibyte char string. 
		 */

		else if( $from == "utf-8" )
		{
			$hexChar		= "";
			$unicodeHexChar	= "";
			$charsetTable 	= self::_makeConversionTable( $to );

			if( \is_array($charsetTable[$to]) AND \count($charsetTable[$to]) )
			{
				foreach ( $charsetTable[$to] as $unicodeHexChar => $hexChar )
				{
					if (self::$entities == true)
					{
						$entityOrChar	= self::_unicodeEntity(self::_hexToUtf($unicodeHexChar));
					}
					else
					{
						$entityOrChar	= \chr(hexdec($hexChar));
					}
	
					$string = str_replace( self::_hexToUtf( $unicodeHexChar), $entityOrChar, $string );
				}
			}

			$text = $string;
		}
	
		return $text ? $text : $original;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Convert unicode characters to unicode HTML entities
	 * 
	 * @param	string		$unicodeString		Input Unicode string (1 char can take more than 1 byte)
	 * @return	@e string
	 * @see		_hexToUtf()
	 */
	protected static function _unicodeEntity( $unicodeString ) 
	{
		$outString		= "";
		$stringLength	= strlen( $unicodeString );

		for( $charPosition = 0; $charPosition < $stringLength; $charPosition++ ) 
		{
			$char		= $unicodeString [$charPosition];
			$asciiChar	= \ord ($char);

			if ($asciiChar < 128) //1 7 0bbbbbbb (127)
			{
			   $outString .= $char; 
			}
			else if ($asciiChar >> 5 == 6) //2 11 110bbbbb 10bbbbbb (2047)
			{
			   $firstByte	= ($asciiChar & 31);
			   $charPosition++;
			   $char		= $unicodeString [$charPosition];
			   $asciiChar	= \ord ($char);
			   $secondByte	= ($asciiChar & 63);
			   $asciiChar	= ($firstByte * 64) + $secondByte;

			   $entity		= sprintf ( "&#%d;", $asciiChar );
			   $outString	.= $entity;
			}
			else if ($asciiChar >> 4  == 14)  //3 16 1110bbbb 10bbbbbb 10bbbbbb
			{
				$firstByte	= ($asciiChar & 31);
				$charPosition++;
				$char		= $unicodeString [$charPosition];
				$asciiChar	= \ord ($char);
				$secondByte	= ($asciiChar & 63);
				$charPosition++;
				$char		= $unicodeString [$charPosition];
				$asciiChar	= \ord ($char);
				$thirdByte	= ($asciiChar & 63);
				$asciiChar	= ((($firstByte * 64) + $secondByte) * 64) + $thirdByte;
				
				$entity		= sprintf ("&#%d;", $asciiChar);
				$outString	.= $entity;
			}
			else if ($asciiChar >> 3 == 30) //4 21 11110bbb 10bbbbbb 10bbbbbb 10bbbbbb
			{
				$firstByte	= ($asciiChar & 31);
				$charPosition++;
				$char		= $unicodeString [$charPosition];
				$asciiChar	= \ord ($char);
				$secondByte	= ($asciiChar & 63);
				$charPosition++;
				$char		= $unicodeString [$charPosition];
				$asciiChar	= \ord ($char);
				$thirdByte	= ($asciiChar & 63);
				$charPosition++;
				$char		= $unicodeString [$charPosition];
				$asciiChar	= \ord ($char);
				$fourthByte	= ($asciiChar & 63);
				$asciiChar	= ((((($firstByte * 64) + $secondByte) * 64) + $thirdByte) * 64) + $fourthByte;
			
				$entity		= sprintf ("&#%d;", $asciiChar);
				$outString	.= $entity;
			}
	  	}

		return $outString;
	} 
	
	/**
	 * Convert unicode characters to unicode HTML entities. 
	 * It is very similar to _unicodeEntity function (link below). There is one difference 
	 * in returned format. This time it's a regular char(s), in most cases it will be one or two chars. 
	 * 
	 * @param	string		$utfCharInHex	Hexadecimal value of a unicode char.
	 * @return	@e string
	 * @see		_unicodeEntity()
	 */
	protected static function _hexToUtf( $utfCharInHex )
	{
		$outputChar		= "";
		$utfCharInDec	= hexdec($utfCharInHex);

		if( $utfCharInDec < 128 )
		{
			$outputChar .= \chr($utfCharInDec);
		}
    	else if( $utfCharInDec < 2048 )
    	{
    		$outputChar .= \chr( ( $utfCharInDec>>6 ) + 192 ) . \chr( ( $utfCharInDec&63 ) + 128 );
		}
    	else if( $utfCharInDec < 65536 )
    	{
    		$outputChar .= \chr( ( $utfCharInDec>>12 ) + 224 ) . \chr( ( ( $utfCharInDec>>6 ) &63 ) + 128 ) . \chr( ( $utfCharInDec&63 ) + 128 );
		}
    	else if( $utfCharInDec < 2097152 )
    	{
    		$outputChar .= \chr( $utfCharInDec>>18+240 ) . \chr( ( ( $utfCharInDec>>12 ) &63 ) + 128 ) . \chr( ( $utfCharInDec>>6 ) &63 + 128 ) . \chr( $utfCharInDec&63 + 128 );
		}

		return $outputChar;
	}


	/**
	 * Create the conversion tables to use.
	 * 
	 * This function creates table with two SBCS (Single Byte Character Set). Every conversion is through this table.
	 *  
	 * - The file with encoding tables have to be save in "Format A" of unicode.org charset table format.
	 * - BOTH charsets MUST be SBCS
	 * - The files with encoding tables have to be complete (None of chars can be missing, unles you are sure you are not going to use it)
	 * 
	 * "Format A" encoding file, if you have to build it by yourself should aplly these rules:
	 * - you can comment everything with #
	 * - first column contains 1 byte chars in hex starting from 0x..
	 * - second column contains unicode equivalent in hex starting from 0x....
	 * - then every next column is optional, but in "Format A" it should contain unicode char name or/and your own comment
	 * - the columns can be splited by "spaces", "tabs", "," or any combination of these
	 * - below is an example
	 * 
	 * <code>
	 * #
	 * #	The entries are in ANSI X3.4 order.
	 * #
	 * 0x00	0x0000	#	NULL end extra comment, if needed
	 * 0x01	0x0001	#	START OF HEADING
	 * # Oh, one more thing, you can make comments inside of a rows if you like.
	 * 0x02	0x0002	#	START OF TEXT
	 * 0x03	0x0003	#	END OF TEXT
	 * next line, and so on...
	 * </code>
	 * 
	 * You can get full tables with encodings from http://www.unicode.org
	 * 
	 * @param	string		$firstEncoding		Name of first encoding and first encoding filename (thay have to be the same)
	 * @param	string		$secondEncoding		Name of second encoding and second encoding filename (thay have to be the same). Optional for building a joined table.
	 * @return	@e array
	 */
	protected static function _makeConversionTable( $firstEncoding, $secondEncoding = "" ) 
	{
		$convertTable	= array();

		for( $i = 0, $j = \func_num_args(); $i < $j; $i++ )
		{
			/**
			 * Because func_*** can't be used inside of another function call
			 * we have to save it as a separate value.
			 */
			$fileName = \func_get_arg($i);

			if ( !is_file( static::$charsetPath . $fileName ) ) 
			{
				static::$errors[]	= "FILE_NOT_FOUND: {$fileName}";
				return;
			}

			$fileWithEncTabe	= fopen( static::$charsetPath . $fileName, "r" ) or die(); //This die(); is just to make sure...

			while(!feof($fileWithEncTabe))
			{
				/**
				 * We asume that line is not longer
				 * than 1024 which is the default value for fgets function 
				 */
				if( $oneLine = trim( fgets( $fileWithEncTabe, 1024 ) ) )
				{
					/**
					 * We don't need all comment lines. I check only for "#" sign, because
					 * this is a way of making comments by unicode.org in thair encoding files
					 * and that's where the files are from :-)
					 */
					if ( substr( $oneLine, 0, 1 ) != "#" ) 
					{
						/**
						 * Sometimes inside the charset file the hex walues are separated by
						 * "space" and sometimes by "tab", the below preg_split can also be used
						 * to split files where separator is a ",", "\r", "\n" and "\f"
						 */
						$hexValue = preg_split ( "/[\s,]+/", $oneLine, 3 );  //We need only first 2 values

						/**
						 * Sometimes char is UNDEFINED, or missing so we can't use it for convertion
						 */
						if (substr($hexValue[1], 0, 1) != "#") 
						{
							$arrayKey	= strtoupper(str_replace(strtolower("0x"), "", $hexValue[1]));
							$arrayValue	= strtoupper(str_replace(strtolower("0x"), "", $hexValue[0]));

							$convertTable[ \func_get_arg($i) ][ $arrayKey ] = $arrayValue;
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}

		return $convertTable;
	}
}